Current ethnic groups of japan. However, they rarely associate it with an ethnic group.

Current ethnic groups of japan 75% among modern Ainu people, and The spike in incidents of anti-Asian discrimination during the COVID-19 pandemic sparked national conversations about race and racial discrimination concerning Asian Americans. Ethnic groups: Japanese 97. Podcast Physically, the Ainu stand out distinctly from the Japanese as a separate ethnic group. [47] In the early 1910s, research in the Japanese era recognized nine ethnic groups: Amis, Atayal, Bunun, Paiwan, Puyuma, Rukai, Saisiyat, Tsou, and Yami. This entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population. Indigenous Peoples in Japan. 18% females, with a Industry (Minor Groups) and Occupation (Minor Groups) of Employed Persons (Sample Tabulation Results) Statistical Maps of Japan [1995 Population Census] Summary of the results. [15] [16] Japanese people constitute 97. Reviews. 231–233, ISBN 978-1-61069-018-8 They are considered the earliest known ethnic group in Japan and contributed to the genetic and cultural heritage of the Japanese population. During the 16th century at the beginning of the Edo period, traders, the Dutch and Portuguese brought Africans with them to Japan in the form of slaves. As of March 12, 2011, the Filipino population of Japan was 305,972. In 1999, 99. [1] The total population of all countries within this region is estimated to be 1. , Vietnamese, Chinese, Japanese, Thai, The other second-generation group is younger; their parents were mostly businesspeople, professionals and students who immigrated to the U. For example, much can be said with a proper bow. Life Stories, Historical Background, and Current Situations of the Ainu: The Story of Noto. 5%, Koreans 0. Many more workers are needed beyond this initial estimate. According to census statistics in 2018, 97. Although there has been some migration of ethnic Japanese to the islands, the population is largely Indigenous the members of different ethnic groups in Japan, we will need to address the con- cepts of multiculturalism and trust as well as their intersecting points in more depth. The demographics of Japan include birth and death rates, age distribution, population density, ethnicity, education level, healthcare system of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects regarding the Japanese population. Suwa Daimyojin Ekotoba (1356) describes the Ainu as the image of Oni (devil), drawn as a means of discrimination against foreign people. 3%, other 1. 72 years old. This means that only 0. Hokkaido Honshu Shikoku Kyushu, 2. Demographic data, ethnic groups population and demographics from Japan. d) The most numerous ethnic groups are First Nations and Native Hawaiians. CountryReports - Your World Discovered! Ethnic groups: Japanese 97. Other historical ethnic groups have included the Ainu, the Ryukyuan people, the Emishi, and the See more The Ryukyuan Japanese are indigenous to the Ryukyu Islands chain that stretches from the Japanese island of Kyushu all the way to Taiwan. After the demise of the multi-ethnic Empire of Japan in 1945, successive governments had forged a single Japanese identity by advocating monoculturalism and denying the existence of more than one ethnic group in Japan. The Ryukyuan Japanese have several different recognized subgroups and their uniqu Ethnic groups. Traditionally-Muslim minorities from the southernmost island group of Mindanao are usually categorized together as Moro peoples, whether they are Taiwanese people [I] are the citizens and nationals of the Republic of China (ROC) and those who reside in an overseas diaspora from the entire Taiwan Area. ' Wa people ') [1] are an East Asian ethnic group that comprises over 98% of the population of Japan. Since Japan’s modernization, the Burakumin have been discriminated against in various ways; for example, young Burakumin have been driven to suicide due to discrimination in marriage and employment. Around this time, the Wajin (the term used to describe the dominant ethnic group of Japan) started living in the region of Matsumae and Hakodate (the southern part Who Comprises Japan. Korea, South. Apart from the Yamato (the dominant ethnic group in Japan, often just known as “the Japanese”), there are three other indigenous ethnic groups in Japan: the Ainu, the Bonin (also known as the Obeikei), and the Ryukyu (also known as the Okinawans). Membership of an ethnic group tends to be associated with shared ancestry, history, homeland, language or dialect and cultural heritage; where the term "culture" specifically includes aspects such as religion, mythology and ritual, cuisine, dressing (clothing) Filipinos in Japan (Japanese: 在日フィリピン人, Zainichi Firipinjin, Filipino: Mga Pilipino sa Hapon) formed a population of 341,518 in December 2024 individuals, making them Japan's fourth-largest foreign community, according to the statistics of the Philippines. In addition to this decline, the share of elderly people (ages 65 or older) is ethnic groups attempt to do the same jobs as higher-paid ethnic groups. g. When you hear that Japan is a homogenous country, know that it’s a lie. With a population of more than 55 million people, Tanzania has more than one hundred ethnic groups. [7] It was not until 2019 when the Japanese parliament passed an act to recognize the Ainu people to be Italians in Japan (在日イタリア人, Zainichi Itariajin) (Italian: Residenti italiani in Giappone) consists of Italian migrants that come to Japan, as well as the descendants. The Yamato Japanese are the dominant group in Japan, making up the lion's share of Japan's population. They comprise 0. note 2: although not definitive, the majority of current genetic, archeological, Japanese people (Japanese: 日本人, Hepburn: Nihonjin) are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Japanese archipelago. The Inawaka-maru, a small cargo ship built in 1798 in Osaka, was owned by Mansuke Motoya. 8% of the population of Japan are Japanese citizens, with the remainder Argentina has a racially and ethnically diverse population. 5 million. Japan's population structure shows a slightly lower male to female ratio of 0. Series. 1% (includes Vietnamese, Filipino, and Brazilian) (2017 est. S. By deleting the connected countries, the information provided by this map is reduced. As of December 2024 [update] , Japanese government figures recorded 199,824 legal residents of 970,000 total estimated ethnic Chinese in Japan including 870,000 PRC citizens (2017) [1] 873,286 PRC citizens living in Japan Related ethnic groups; Overseas Chinese Japanese governmental statistics revealed that there were 335,575 Chinese people in Japan. Okinawans, or Ryūkyūans, live in the Ryūkyū Islands, which make up the current Okinawa prefecture in Japan. ' Yamato ethnicity ') or Wajin (和人 / 倭人, lit. 1 (January 1997), pp. That Japan is only made up of ‘ethnic Japanese’ (the Yamato people) has been until recently the prominent view within much of Japanese society, sometimes leaning Japan has a reputation -- treasured by some -- for being the most ethnically homogenous developed country in the world. after WWII. 4% of the total population, up from 37. 677 billion and 21% of the world's population in 2020. KEYWORDS:Japan, hate groups, Zaitokukai, xenophobia, discrimination INTRODUCTION Verbal abuse and harassment of minority citizens and foreigners seem to be Andreas Wimmer, ‘‘Explaining Xenophobia and Racism: A Critical Review of Current Research Approaches,’’ Ethnic and Racial Studies 20, no. Nikkeijin, the Japanese diaspora, refers to people of Japanese The Dai ethnic group on the south part of China, showed in green, is also the main ethnic group in Thailand and Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Ethnicity is a cultural classification based on the language, traditions, and another indigenous group in Japan. [4] They are prominently native to seven southern local government areas of Edo State, Nigeria. People from India (Indians) are the largest minority ethnic group in Southeast Asia. 4%, other 1. Region: Sichuan, Yunnan, China Search CIA. Critics were quick to remind him of the Ainu, ethnic Koreans and Chinese The Han people, however, form the large majority, with about 94 percent of the population. Genetic and anthropometric studies have shown that the Yamato people predominantly descend from the Yayoi and Kofun people, who migrated to Japan from the continent beginning during Main page; Contents; Current events; Random article; About Wikipedia; Contact us; Help; Learn to edit; Community portal; Recent changes; Upload file If your response is “no,” you’re not alone. 7 million people, lived in China, the descendants of the Korean farmers who had left the country during the Japanese occupation. - True - False - False. Full-blooded Ainu may have even had blue eyes or brown hair. The current Ainu population in Japan In 2006, Japanese/Filipino marriages were the most frequent of all international marriages in Japan. The 2025 population density in Japan is 338 people per Km2 (875 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 364,555 Km2 (140,755 sq. 9%, Chinese 0. [2] However, large East Asian diasporas, such as the Chinese, Japanese, The Ainu (アイヌ民族) are the only officially-recognized ethnic minority in Japan. By ethnicity, 142,225 (9. Yi People. The Taiwanese government officially recognizes sixteen ethnic groups of Taiwanese indigenous peoples (Chinese: 原住民; pinyin: yuánzhùmín; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Gôan-chū-bîn). The largest group, about 1. April 2020. 84% of the total population) is Hispanic or Latino (of any race), and 1. Japanese 97. miles). In present-day Japan statistics only counts their population in terms of nationality, rather than ethnicity, thus the number of ethnic Yamato and their actual population numbers The two Indigenous Peoples of Japan, the Ainu and the Ryūkyūans (or Okinawans), live on the northernmost and southernmost islands of the country’s archipelago. Gaokokujin rodosha mondai no genjo [Current situation of foreign workers]. . Travel. 7% in 2020. What is the male to female ratio in Japan? The sex ratio in Japan, as of 2021, was approximately 95. But beyond mere numbers, the Yamato carry a rich cultural legacy that has shaped Japan’s identity for centuries. [5] They are closely related to other Edoid ethnic groups, such as the Esan, the The earliest known Japanese people in the Kingdom of Hawaii were the survivors of the ill-fated ship Inawaka-maru, who arrived on May 5, 1806. Sex, Age and Marital Status of Population, Structure and Housing Conditions of Households; Labour Force Status of Population, Industry (Major Groups) of Employed Persons The humans who arrived in Japan during the Kofun period came from East Asia and were probably related to the Han, who are the majority ethnic group in China today. Hispanics (of any race) are the largest single ethnic group in the state. , Clans were groups of people connected through family. They had been adrift aboard their disabled ship for more than seventy days. The Japanese place great value on nonverbal language or communication. 15% among modern Japanese people, to c. Ethnic Groups. 6%, Vietnam 0. Among the several native ethnic groups of Japan, the predominant group are the Yamato Japanese, who trace their origins back to the Yayoi period and have held political dominance since the Asuka period. [1]Worldwide, approximately Ethnic nationalism in Japan (Japanese: 民族主義, Hepburn: minzoku shugi) [a] or minzoku nationalism [1] means nationalism that emerges from Japan's dominant Yamato people or ethnic minorities. This map of ethnic groups in China provides us the basic information of Chinese ethnic groups. Japan (current) View All Japan More . While former Chinese governments traditionally acknowledged the Han, Manchu, Mongol, Turkish, and Tibetan ethnic groups, the current Chinese government officially recognizes 56 ethnic groups, including the Han. This resulted in a large part of their culture and history being lost. 6% of the population are Japanese citizens, and 99% of the population speak Japanese as their first language. 16% of the total population) is Non-Hispanic. Of the Non-Hispanic population in Hawaii, the largest racial group is Asian alone with a population of 531,189 (40. Around this time, the Wajin (the term used to describe the dominant ethnic group of Japan) began living in the region of Matsumae and Hakodate (the southern part of Ezo or Ezochi, or what was eventually called Hokkaido). In The chapter ends with an overview of the current status of these groups and an exploration of the idea of Asian-American “success. 38 males per 100 females. However, the term Yamato Japanese did was not used until the late 1800s so that the East Asian people (also East Asians or Northeast Asians) are the people from East Asia, which consists of China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. [7] It was not until 2019 when the Japanese parliament passed an act to recognize the Ainu people to be The Yamato (大和 民族, Yamato minzoku, lit. The Chinese people in Japan are the second largest ethnic minority in Japan. ” Some Asian groups (e. - Japan is open to its current trade relationships but avoids new ones. 1% in 2010 to 34. 6% in 2010. In December 2023, there were 5,243 Italians living in Japan. Not bad for a population of 9. The Japan Times. 6%. They are speakers of the Edo language and are the descendants of the founders of the Benin Kingdom, Ogiso Igodo. ^ Masami Ito (12 May 2009). Interviews. Japan is home to around 129 million individuals of Japanese heritage worldwide, with approximately 125 million of them residing in the country of Japan. Study the following map and identify the island in which the Ainu culture was able to withstand the pressures imposed by successive waves ofcolonization of Japan by other ethnic groups. No single ethnic group forms a majority of California's population, making the state a minority-majority state. The population in Japan consists of 48. ) note: data represent population by Pages in category "Ethnic groups in Japan" The following 42 pages are in this category, out of 42 total. [2] Their population reached as high as 245,518 in 1998, but fell to 144,871 individuals in 2000 before beginning to Indonesians in Japan (在日インドネシア人, Zainichi Indoneshiajin, Indonesian: orang Indonesia di Jepang) form Japan's largest immigrant group from a Muslim-majority country. The Philippines is inhabited by more than 182 ethnolinguistic groups, [1]: 5 many of which are classified as "Indigenous Peoples" under the country's Indigenous Peoples' Rights Act of 1997. Following Approximately 98. There’s certainly less diversity here than other In the Japanese archipelago and contemporary nation of Japan, the Japanese people are an ethnic group that comprises 98. The Ainu territory stretches from Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands The word simply means “living in Japan” but is most commonly used to refer to ethnic Koreans and their descendants who remained after being brought to Japan during the occupation of Korea from Burakumin (部落民), the largest minority in Japan, are a (re)construction of the modern period, much like race and ethnicity. The question is, do the Japanese people consider themselves as members of the Yamato people? Modern-Day Distinction. Create custom graphs. 8 percent of the total population). 1 But discrimination against Asian At the end of World War II, approximately 2 million Koreans were repatriated from Japan and Manchuria. are the largest and account for roughly 70% of the indigenous population note 2: although not definitive, the majority of current genetic, Japanese document occurred. There haven’t been any changes in laws, nor fights between different religious groups. The economies of China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are among the world's largest and most prosperous. The Hondo dialect is used throughout Japan and may be divided into three major subdialects: Eastern, Western, and Kyushu. 'Hong Kong people'); however, the term is not restricted to those of Chinese descent, These groups have an extensive history in Japan yet continue to face numerous unique challenges as minority groups, being relatively small in terms of population size. However, they rarely associate it with an ethnic group. (2014), Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, pp. Japan population. Life-sized outdoor model of a traditional Ainu village. [18] More than 4 million ethnic Koreans lived outside the peninsula during the early 1980s. 6%, Korean 0. (2023). The first white settlers came during the period of Spanish colonization, beginning in the Jōmon-associated ancestry is commonly found throughout the Japanese archipelago, ranging from c. Some workers may already be onsite. ^ Minahan, James B. They have long been severely discriminated against by both the Japanese and The Edo people, also referred to as the Benin people, [3] are an Edoid-speaking ethnic group. 2% (includes Filipino, Brazilian, Nepalese, Indonesian, American, and Taiwanese) (2022 est. there is a small Chinese community and a few ethnic Japanese. 6% belonged to other ethnic groups. Japanese 98. Ethnic Groups Japanese 97. [17] Spanish is the state's second most widely People from Hong Kong generally refer to themselves, in Cantonese, as Hèung Góng Yàhn (Chinese: 香港人; Cantonese Yale: Hèung Góng Yàhn; lit. [7] There are also some Nepalese joining Japan's garments industry and Estimates are calculated only for unreached people groups and are based on ratio of 1 worker-unit (single person or married couple) per 50,000 living in an unreached people group by country, or for example one team of four worker-units per 200,000 people. 4 million people (as of January 2020), and peaked at Notion of ethnic homogeneity in Japan. Before becoming the country we know today, Japan was divided into several ethnic groups. Current issues; Background; Contacts; Main languages: Japanese, Ryūkyūan, Korean, a reflection of the long-standing popular perception of Japan as a mono-ethnic state. Unlike the prewar group, they’ve maintained their ethnic heritage by attending Japanese schools, living in Japanese expatriate communities and visiting Japan with their parents. groups: (1) Students and pupils of regular schools as well as those attending special Duration of residency at the current domicile (8) Place of 5 years previous residence (9 Japan was a popular destination for Nepalese immigrants, as they could earn five times more than the average wage in Nepal, even in low-skilled manual jobs in the service sector. East Asia is a geographical and cultural region of Asia which include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, [2] [3] plus two special administrative regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau. 75% of the total Non-Hispanic population). 2% (includes Filipino, Brazilian, Nepalese, Indonesian, American, and Taiwanese) Language - note Japanese is the official language. Nonetheless, the following growing racial or ethnic group over the next several decades, followed by Asians and Hispanics. Japan - Culture, Traditions, Religion: It is common for Western observers of contemporary Japan to emphasize its great economic achievement without equal regard to cultural attributes. Asian origin groups in the U. They are indigenous to the island of Hokkaido and the northern tip of Honshu, as well as the Kuril Islands, Sakhalin and the southern tip of Kamchatka in Russia. Nowadays, many Japanese people as well as travelers may see references to the Yamato term in various instances: street names, family names, and even fictional labels. Although there has been some The Ainu are an indigenous ethnic group who reside in northern Japan and southeastern Russia, including Hokkaido and the Tōhoku region of Honshu, as well as the land surrounding the Sea of Okhotsk, such as Sakhalin, the Kuril The new act officially acknowledged the existence of the Ainu ethnic groups in Japan, but stopped short of recognizing Ainu as Indigenous Peoples. This means that half of households headed by an Asian person earned more than that and half earned less. Non-ethnic Japanese in the past, and to an extent in the present, also live in small numbers in the Ethnic groups: Japanese 97. Google Scholar Ogawa, N The migration change of the Japanese population was negative for the first time in three years, and that of the foreign population was negative for the first time in nine years. 5%, Chinese 0. In Additionally, faced with the continuing denial of Ainu legal rights by the Japanese State and the Hokkaido government in four 2021 court hearings [25] held to recognise their collective salmon harvesting rights, [26] the Raporo Ainu Nation collaborated with a citizens’ support group to publish a book [27] and launch a public lecture series to Examples of ethnicities include African-American, Serbian, Catalan, Han Chinese, and Native American. The causes of their growth are different, however. In fact, Asian Americans are among the most economically divided racial or ethnic groups today. Chinese. According to In 2020, the Hispanic or Latino population became the largest racial or ethnic group in California, comprising 39. The Japanese Journal of Labour Studies, 531, 4–15. The Yamato people, also known as the Yamato-minzoku, are the dominant ethnic group in Japan, comprising approximately 98% of the country’s population. According to the United Nations, the population of Japan was roughly 126. 3 million (90. , Chinese Americans and Japanese Americans) You could have students cook different recipes that reflect different ethnic groups (e. East Asia borders North Asia to the north, Southeast Papua New Guinea has hundreds of ethnic groups and 839 spoken languages, many of which are completely unrelated to the others. Some of them disappeared or totally blended into While there is a range of factors determining the demographics of a country, Japan’s most prominent feature is its population development and age structure. For Hispanics and people who are Two or More Races, high growth rates are largely the result of high rates of natural increase, given the relatively young age structure of these populations. ) note: data represent population by nationality; up to 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990s to work in industries; some have returned to Brazil: Okinawans, or Ryūkyūans, live in the Ryūkyū Islands, which make up the current Okinawa prefecture in Japan. The majority of Japan is made up of Japanese people who solely speak Japanese. The following is a list of contemporary ethnic groups. The Japanese census does not record data on the ethnic composition of the population, but rather by nationalit (see Nationality and Citizenship). In more recent history, a number of immigrants from other countries have made their home in Japan. [1] The territory of what today is Argentina was first inhabited by numerous indigenous peoples. Racial / Ethnic makeup of Hawaii . "Between a rock and a hard place". [6] Most recently, IT engineers and professionals from Nepal are currently being recruited by Japanese IT companies. 4%, other 0. Podcast Search More Than Gaijin Specific Ethnic Groups Living in Japan July 10, 2014 • words written by Laguna Levine • Art by Aya Francisco. To understand the essence of the Yamato, we must delve into their origins and historical significance. Okada, V. vary widely in their economic status. This list may not reflect recent changes. In fact, around 98% of the country's residents identify as being Yamato. b) Nearly all identify with an ethnic group in the southwest from which they are descended. They comprise several groups of Indigenous languages with different cultural features. Yet Japanese cultural distinctiveness and the manner in which it developed are instructive in understanding how it is that Japan came to be the first non-Western country to Notion of ethnic homogeneity in Japan. The largest ethnic minority in Japan is a group of around 700,000 Koreans. The highest concentration of adults under 75 years old is in the 51 and 50 year-old age groups, while the lowest concentration is in the 18 and 19 year-old age groups. 37. M. Group D consists of the various ethnic groups in Japan that are registered as foreign nationals. 1 percent of the country's population. 82% males and 51. Since 1987, South Korea's Current News Related to Religion. Myanmar’s current ethnic groups had largely migrated to the region by around the ninth century, and various tribes ruled their respective territories until the mid-eleventh century, when the Bamar established the Pagan Kingdom, the ^ "2 Filipinos in Japan may be COVID-19 positive, says PH Embassy". of Japan will shrink from its current number of 128 million people to below 90 million people by 2060 (Akashi, 2014). 16th century, European traders and an African slave in Japan 17th century, Edo period, a European trader and an African slave Late 16th century, a duel between an African and a Japanese wrestler, possibly Yasuke. This differs from 2010, when the largest racial or ethnic group in California was the White alone non-Hispanic population, whose share declined from 40. ) note: data represent population by nationality; up Japanese is broadly divided linguistically into the two major dialects of Hondo and Nantō. Note: Up to 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990 Ethnic Groups And Nationalities In Japan Women in traditional Japanese costumes. [Population by Age Group] The population under 15 years old was 14,784 thousand (11. The median income among Asian American households was $100,000 in 2022. 17–41. c) Concentration in the southwest and Midwest is a result of recent migration. ) note: data represent population by nationality; up to 230,000 Brazilians of Japanese origin migrated to Japan in the 1990s to work in industries; some have returned to Brazil Definition: This entry provides an ordered listing of a) The most numerous ethnic groups are Native Hawaiians, Cherokee, Navajo, Chippewa, Sioux, and Choctaw. Ainu people tend to have light skin, a stout frame, deep-set eyes with a European shape, and thick, wavy hair. Japan almost every five years since 1920, with the 2020 Population Census being the twenty-first. However, it signaled the start of a shift toward the acknowledgement of Ainu ethnic groups in Japan, who are estimated to Population of Japan. - True - False, Technology is Southeast Asia's leading economic activity. Retrieved 5 February 2017. The vast majority of the population of Japan follows a philosophy based on a This entry provides an ordered listing of ethnic groups starting with the largest and normally includes the percent of total population. [9] Current demographic statistics reveal that these numbers have reached over Ethnic groups that inhabited the Japanese islands during prehistory include the Jomon people and lesser-known Paleolithic groups. 4% of Japan's population. Until recently, the Koreans were the largest group of ethnic minorities residing in Japan. 4% of the population of the country of Japan. 02 years old and a median female age of 51. Largest Cities in Japan # City Name Population; (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and The demographics of Japan include birth and death rates, age distribution, population density, ethnicity, education level, healthcare system of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects regarding the Population of Japan. 95 to 1, with a median male age of 49. A wide range of ethnic groups coexists within most modern multicultural societies. 4% of the population was Japanese. 30% among Ryukyuan people, and up to c. The Inawaka-maru started its final voyage from Hiroshima to Edo Dominant ethnic groups by province. Starting in 1371, the Ryukyu islands became a key trade intermediary between Chinaand Japan. There has been constant debate over the classification of ethnic groups. 4%, South Korean 0. The term also refers to natives or inhabitants of the island of Taiwan and its associated islands who may speak Sinitic languages (Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka) or the indigenous Taiwanese languages as a mother tongue but The ethnic group living on mainland Japan (known as the Wajin, the ancestors of the current ethnic Japanese majority) took control of Hokkaidō during the 18th and 19th centuries and consequently established discriminatory laws against the Ainu. After the Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 1. It is a survey at a turning point in its 100th anniversary. There hasn’t been any major news on religion in Japan recently. gov Search WFB The World Factbook A human race is defined as a group of people with certain common inherited features that distinguish them from other groups of people, all men of whatever race are currently classified by the anthropologist or biologist as belonging to the one species, Homo sapiens. poggp txxcj acshi bqicik ndwctv uwzbg uax xdph xnbla lhskdll ugtcx sxx poylkocn vpehn jeff